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  • HIghlihgts of need for nutrition and exercise education with the mentally ill


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Working at a mental hospital, I have been given the task of trying to formulate a nutrition and exercise curriculum for the patients. In the long run, I discovered statistics that assist the need for exercise and nutrition training for the mentally ill and I discovered two hospitals offering similar programs.

Statistics show that our mentally ill are in dire need of nutrition education and the introduction of employ into their lives. Compared to the non-mentally ill population, the mentally ill have a very high incidence of diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity. For example, at the hospital I work at, I discovered that out of 692 patients that we currently treat, 211 Individuals on a Healthy Heart Diet for high blood pressure, cholesterol, or obesity. This is 34.5 % of the individuals we serve. 140 Individuals are on a Limited Carbohydrate Diets for diabetes. This amounts to. 22.8 % of the individuals we serve.

Statistics and data in research and professional journals back up the fact that health and exhaust education is needed among the mentally ill. The Modern York Times stated that among the mentally ill, roughly one in every five mentally ill people develop diabetes. This is about double the rate of the general population. (http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/12/health/12diabetes.html? pagewanted=1&_r=1)

In addition, in a commentary article printed in the Oct. 17 issue of JAMA, John W. Newcomer, M.D., professor of psychiatry, of psychology and of medicine and medical director of the Center for Clinical Studies at Washington University states that those with mental illnesses lose 25 to 30 years of life expectancy compared to the general population due to high cholesterol and obesity. These statistics alone are repugnant and show the need for nutrition and exercise education among our nations mentally ill people.(http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/298/15/1794? maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=Newcomer+&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT)

Research has also shown an increased rate of obesity in those with mental illness. Some relate it to the medications they are on, but others state that it is due to a lifestyle of poor nutrition and a lack of exercise. It is suggested that early intervention can prevent or minimize obesity in these patients. (http://www.cns-journal.com/pt/re/clnnursespec/abstract.00002800-200403000-00013.htm;jsessionid=LpnTv2MTRlNsqvC7GwKQN2MSX1fLq2BWC2sQcJFvvG2YQtDwRH93!851130288!181195628!8091!-1)

In my research of Southern Psychiatric Hospitals, I was only able to find two hospitals that currently offer health and exercise education for their patients. The first of these hospitals is Broughton Hospital in Morganton, North Carolina. They offer various courses for their patients on exercise and nutrition. (http://www.broughtonhospital.org) The second hospital is William R. Sharpe, Jr. Hospital in Weston, West Viriginia. This hospital has an Olympic size pool and offers exercise classes using the pool. They even offer a class for their seniors. They also offer nutrition classes. ( http://www.wvdhhr.org/sharpe)

Using the above mentioned research and information, I have formulated a proposed use and nutrition and exercise curriculum. The proposed outline follows:

Skill State 1: Benefits of Exercise
1-1: Benefits for the Body
1-2: Benefits for the Mind
1-3: Avoidance of Disease

Skill Dwelling 2: Anatomy of Exercise
1-1: Heart
1-2: Lungs
1-3: Bones and Joints

Skill Status 3: Types of Exercise
1-1: Warm-ups and Calisthenics
1-2: Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercises
3: Individual and Group Sports

Skill Area 4: Putting it Into Practice
1-1: Warm-Ups and Calisthenics
1-2: Aerobic and Anaerobic
1-3: Individual and Team Sports

Skill Area 5: Benefits of Eating Healthy
: Benefits for Body
: Benefits for Mind
: Avoidance of Diseases

Skill Residence 6: Nutritional Content in Food
: 3 Types of Nutrients
: Vitamins and Minerals
: Caloric Intake of Food

Skill State 7: Understanding the Fresh Food Pyramid
: Parts to the Food Pyramid
: Importance of Each Food Group
: Choosing a Balanced Diet from the Pyramid

Skill Area 8: Choosing Healthy Snacks
: How to Read a Label
: Choosing Sugar/ Fat Free Snacks
: Putting it into Practice

As my research progresses I will share what I have learned. At least to start with, the statistics point to a need for such a program. With the assistance of knowledgeable people, such a curriculum can be put in place to serve the mentally ill that we work with at Northeast Florida State Hospital.

Sources:

http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/12/health/12diabetes.html? pagewanted=1&_r=1

http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/298/15/1794? maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=Newcomer+&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT

http://www.cns-journal.com/pt/re/clnnursespec/abstract.00002800-200403000-00013.htm;jsessionid=LpnTv2MTRlNsqvC7GwKQN2MSX1fLq2BWC2sQcJFvvG2YQtDwRH93!851130288!181195628!8091!-1

http://www.wvdhhr.org/sharpe

http://www.broughtonhospital.org


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  • There is a shortage of dental hygienists.
  • Dentistry is a rewarding field and there are many opportunities.
  • Some dental positions can receive on the job training.


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Inside each dental office, there are a variety of positions representing a wide range of education, experience and training. As the school year begins you may rep yourself considering a dental career.

Have you ever thought about becoming a dentist? This is a career within the grasp of many, college-bound, high school students and science oriented college students. Your undergraduate college education should be heavily weighted in the sciences.

The requirements for other courses differ and are often flexible. No major courses of study are preferred, so settle a course of study that you enjoy and feel that you will excel in. Applicants for dental school take the Dental Admissions Test in their junior or senior year of college. Dental schools space varying importance on extracurricular activities and interviews. Some schools do not interview applicants while others filter applicants with interview questions that test their maturity and character. Dental school is a four-year, expensive journey.

There are many ways that dentists practice. Some work in hospitals and public health, specialize in different aspects of dentistry (such as oral surgery and pediatric dentistry) or they may work for universities, insurance companies or manufacturers. Most catch their work challenging and toothsome. Speak with your high school and college advisors to bag out more.

Most people have their teeth cleaned by a dental hygienist at least twice a year. Hygienists’ high salaries assume their level of training and high demand for their profession. They have completed at least two years of college, received their hygiene certificate, and passed national and regional board exams. Hygienists do more than clean teeth. They are responsible for screening for decay, oral cancer and other systemic problems. Hygienists provide treatment for gum disease; prevent decay with a combination of fluoride treatments, pit and fissure sealants, brushing and flossing instruction and nutrition counseling. In many cases, hygienists may work without a dentist in the same building at the time of treatment.

Dental hygiene schools such as Forsythe of Boston, Ma. and Middlesex Community College of Burlington, Ma. choose from among the top high school graduates. Adults and high school students who have not taken the prerequisite courses may take these courses in college.

Most dental assistants work in dental offices ensuring that appointments are smooth and efficient. Dental assistants work with the dentist or alone to provide treatment, capture radiographs (x-rays), impressions, and provide instruction for postoperative care and oral hygiene. Training can be obtained in many settings ranging from college level programs such as the one at Middlesex and vocational high school programs to on the job training in a dental office.

Dental assistants can obtain national certification by taking the Dental Assisting National Board. To qualify they must complete an accredited program or have two years of fleshy time experience. Accredited programs usually take one to two years to complete. The Massachusetts Dental Society even provides an online dental assisting program; for information call (888) 258-4379. Dental assistants procure wages similar to that of a licensed practical nurse, medical assistant or other similarly trained professions.

Dental receptionists make appointments, bill insurance companies and patients, answer the phones, and often must explain treatment options to patients. Some are trained dental assistants who decide that they prefer working behind the desk, others have no formal training and learn on the job. It takes months to master the nuances of dental insurance billing and dental office scheduling. The pay scale for dental receptionists varies widely, but well-trained receptionists are hard to find. They can earn as much as a dental assistant with similar experience.

Dental lab technicians create artful appliances to restore and replace teeth. This type of work requires a high level of skill and training and attention to minute detail. Training may be obtained in a vocational high school, college, or on the job.

As Lynn Jenkins, president of H & O Dental Laboratory in Manchester, NH, said, “We take pride in providing our employees on-the-job training to become dental laboratory technicians. Along with the on-the-job training we provide them with opportunities to become Certified Dental Technicians with the National Board of Certification while paying for the cost for them to be tested and recertified from year to year.” Salaries of dental lab technicians vary widely depending on the type of work that they do, level of training and experience.

For information on schools and societies, contact the Massachusetts Dental Society at (800) 342-8747, or check out their web site: www.massdental.org, under the heading “public” click on “careers in dentistry.”


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